Pyi Gyi Nga Thoke, Fiery Squid Salad
ပြည်ကြီးငါးသုပ်
Rakhine's hot-and-sour squid salad — quick-blanched rings tossed with pounded charred chili, garlic, shallots, and lime, with no oil to break the fall.
By Burmese Cookbook Kitchen · July 9, 2026
ရခိုင် Rakhine CoastOpening & Diaspora, 1988–present
၄- Prep
- 25 min
- Cook
- 5 min
- Serves
- 4
- Level
- Intermediate
Pyi gyi nga — "great-country fish" — is the Burmese word for squid, and along the Rakhine coast it comes off the boats in quantities that make it weekday food rather than a treat. This salad is the coast's favorite way of eating it fast: rings blanched for under a minute, then hand-tossed with a pounded dressing of charred green chili, charred garlic, roasted ngapi, and lime. Let the record be honest — you will not find this dish in royal chronicles. Seafood thoke of this kind is the living, modern cooking of Sittwe households and beachfront tables, part of the same fiery pounded-seafood family as the region's dried fish and prawn salads, and none the lesser for being young.
Everything that matters happens in two small windows. The first is at the charring pan, where large green chilies and unpeeled garlic go soft and scorched — in a cuisine famous for using almost no oil, that char is where the depth comes from, doing the job a slick of fried garlic oil would do across the mountains in Mandalay. The second is at the blanching pot, and it is measured in seconds: forty-five of them, water at a full boil, iced water waiting. Squid is tender on one side of a minute and rubber on the other.
The finished salad hits the Rakhine chord precisely — hot enough to make you blink, sour enough to make you reach for rice, and lean as sea air. Mint and lemongrass are the only soft words in the whole sentence.
Blanch the squid in seconds, not minutes — into water at a rolling boil, count to forty-five, straight into iced water. Tender is a stopwatch, not a feeling.
မီးဖိုချောင်စကား · A word from the kitchen
Ingredientsပါဝင်ပစ္စည်း
Serves 4
Tap to check off as you gather
For the squid
- squid — cleaned bodies and tentacles; bodies cut into 1 cm rings
- water
- salt
- fresh ginger — for the blanching pot — it quiets the sea smell
For the pounded dressing
- green bird's eye chilies
- large green chilies — charred in a dry pan until blistered and soft
- garlic — charred unpeeled alongside the chilies
- ngapi (shrimp paste) — roasted briefly in foil; or 2 tsp fish sauce
- limes — juiced, about 4 tablespoons
- fish sauce
- palm sugar (jaggery)
For the toss
- shallots — sliced into fine rings
- lemongrass — tender core only, sliced hair-thin
- cilantro
- mint leaves — torn
Methodချက်နည်း
Tap a numeral as you finish each step
Step 1: Char the aromatics
In a dry pan over medium-high heat, blister the large green chilies and unpeeled garlic until soft and scorched in patches, about 5 minutes, and roast the foil-wrapped ngapi alongside for the last 3. Charring is the flavor base of this dressing — it stands in for the fried-oil depth that Rakhine cooking deliberately leaves out.
Step 2: Pound the dressing
Peel the garlic and pound it with the bird's eye chilies to a rough paste, then add the torn charred chilies and the ngapi and pound a few strokes more. Work in the lime juice, fish sauce, and palm sugar. Taste it on a fingertip: it should be brazenly hot and sour, because the squid it is about to dress tastes gently of nothing but sweetness.
Step 3: Blanch the squid by the clock
Bring the salted water to a rolling boil with the ginger and have a bowl of iced water standing by. Drop in the squid, stir once, and lift it out at 45 seconds — the rings will have just turned opaque and curled. Plunge it into the iced water, then drain and blot thoroughly dry. Wet squid dilutes the dressing; overcooked squid defeats it.
Step 4: Toss by hand
In a wide bowl, combine the squid, shallot rings, and lemongrass, pour the dressing over, and massage everything together with your fingers for a good half minute so the crosshatched rings drink it in. Thoke means hand-mixed, and squid's slick surface especially needs the persuasion.
Step 5: Rest five minutes, then serve
Let the salad sit just five minutes — enough for the flavors to marry, not enough for the lime to start cooking the squid rubbery. Fold in the cilantro and mint and serve with hot rice, or alone with something cold to drink, which is how the coast takes it in April.
ခွက်ယောက် · The tools
Equipment
Stone mortar & pestle
ဆုံFor garlic-ginger paste, pounded dried shrimp fluff, and crushed peanuts — the blender lies about texture; the stone doesn’t.
Shop on Amazon →Heavy kettle
ရေနွေးအိုးTeahouse tea starts with water at a hard rolling boil — and lots of it, all morning.
Shop on Amazon →
Equipment links are Amazon affiliate links. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases, at no cost to you. Disclosure.
ဟင်းစုံ · Set the table
A Burmese meal is a spread
A thoke is part of a spread as often as it is a light meal on its own:
- Steamed riceထမင်းThe centre of the table — everything else is built around it.
- A curryဟင်းSlow-cooked until the oil returns — the richness the sides cut against.
- Balachaungဘလချောင်းThe crispy shrimp relish that lives on every Burmese table.
- Crispy fried shallotsကြက်သွန်ကြော်A spoonful of crunch and sweet shallot oil over anything.
- Toh sa yar & ngapi dipတို့စရာRaw and blanched vegetables with a pungent fish-paste dip — the fresh, bitter counterpoint.
Questions from the kitchen
Can I use frozen squid?
Yes, and without apology — nearly all squid is frozen at sea, and a slow thaw in the fridge leaves it indistinguishable here. Dry it obsessively before blanching; surface water is the difference between a dressed salad and a puddle.
Forty-five seconds cannot possibly be enough. Is it?
It is, for rings a centimeter wide in properly boiling water. Squid protein seizes fast and loosens only after a forty-minute braise — everything between is rubber. If your rings are unusually thick, give them sixty seconds, never more.
What can stand in for the ngapi?
Two teaspoons of fish sauce added to the pounding, or a half teaspoon of anchovy paste warmed in foil the same way. You lose a little of the roasted funk that anchors the dressing, but the charred chilies carry the dish regardless.
နောက်တစ်ခု · Cook next
Keep the wok hot
၄Salads & Thoke · 30 min · Beginner
Thayet Thi Thanat, Green Mango Pickle-Saladသရက်သီးသနပ်
Tart, crunchy green-mango shreds dressed with fried garlic oil, chili, dried shrimp, and toasted chickpea flour — the sour thanat that cuts a heavy Burmese meal.
၄Salads & Thoke · 20 min · Beginner
Bekang Rawt, Fermented Soybean Salad
Fermented soybeans pounded with shallots, green chili, and salt — the Chin hills' pungent everyday salad, a mountain cousin of natto, eaten with hot rice.
၇Sweets & Mont · 105 min · Intermediate
Pathein Halawa, the Delta's Gilded Sweetပုသိမ်ဟလဝါ
Pathein's famous glutinous-rice halawa — coconut milk, sugar, and ghee stirred patiently down to a dense, gleaming amber slab crowned with toasted poppy seeds.